Traumatic injury is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, yet little is known about how young people interpret the causes of their injuries or how these beliefs influence future risk. This systematic review synthesized evidence across more than 7,700 records to examine causal attributions made by children and adolescents following trauma, and how these beliefs relate to reinjury risk. Early findings from the preliminary screening indicate association between reinjury and factors such as externalized blame, sensation-seeking, ADHD, and high-risk sports participation. Socioeconomic disadvantage was also linked to increased trauma incidence and recurrence. However, research investigating children’s causal explanations—such as attributing injury to bad luck, personal choice, or environmental hazards—remains sparse. Understanding these attributions is critical for designing developmentally tailored prevention strategies. Ongoing full-text review and planned mixed-methods work aim to inform future adolescent-focused counseling tools and reinjury prevention programs.